GIVING INSTRUCTION

GIVING INSTRUCTION

Giving instruction is the command or an expression for give or ask somebody to do something that we want.

Formula:

1). (Please/don't + verb + noun ) or [Noun + Verb + Please]

2). (Please or don't + verb + adverb of place) or

     [Verb + adverb of place + Please]

3). (Please/don't + Verb + noun + adverb of place)

4). (Be + Adj + Please) or (Please + Be + Adj) or (Don't + Be + Adj)

5). (Be + Adj)

1. Command

There are some giving instruction in command form that usually we use in the dialy life.
     Example:

• Wash your hand!

• Eat your meal!

• Sit down!

• Sweep the floor!

• Open your book!

• Close your book!

• Open the door,please!

• Come here!

• Move the chair!

• Take a bath! 

2. Prohibition 

There are some giving instruction in prohibition form that usually we use in the dialy life.

    Example:

• Don’t climb!

• Don’t eat!

• Don’t forget!

• Don’t life!

• Don’t swim!

• Don’t open it!

• Don’t read!

• Don’t write!

• Don’t call him!

EXAMPLE

Read the following dialog.

Galih   : Thalita, have you sliced the garlic?

Thalita            : Yes, I have. So, what sould I do then?

Galih   : Then, put one slice on the glass, please.

Thalita            : O.K. It’s done.

Galih   : Good. Now, give me the glass. Let’s observe it under the microscope.

Thalita            : Sure.

GIVING ATTENTION

DEFINITION OF GAINING ATTENTION

Gaining attention is a way or expression that is spoken so that other people will pay their attention to what we want to. In a social life, we need to show our attention to other people which means that we care about them.

Here are Some Expressions to Show Our Attention to Other People

1.  Asking / Giving an Attention

-  Attention, please!

-  Excuse me, look here!

-  Excuse me, I wonder if I could trouble

-  Hey!

-  Look here

-  Excuse me.

-  Sorry to bother you

-  Look at me

-  What should I do to cheer you up?

-  I really care about you

-  Don’t worry. I’m with you.

-  What’s wrong with you?

-  Hope you will be find.

2.  Responding an Attention

-  I see

-  Oh, yes

-  Mmm…

-  Aha!

-  How interesting

-  I know what you mean

-  Tell me more about it

-  Really?

-  Oh God, what’s happens?

-  Look at you

-  How beautiful!

-  What’s the matter?

-  Is everything all right?

-  Oh really? It is true?

-  Wow.. Really?  That’s incredible!

The Example of Dialogue about Gaining Attention

Anto                : Excuse me, sir!

Mr. Richard     : Yes, what’s happen?

Anto                : Can you speak in Germany?

Mr. Richard     : Oh, I can’t speak in Germany. I just can speak in English. I’m sorry.

Anto                : It’s OK, sir.

NARRATIVE TEXT

NARRATIVE TEXT

Narrative text is an imaginative story to entertain people. Or Narrative text have meaning (1) a spoken or written account of connected events a story. (2) the narrated part of a literary work, as distinct from dialogue. (3) the practice or art of narration. 

To conclude, a Narrative text isi a text which contains a story either written or onwritten, and there is a series of interconnected  event.

    GENERIC STRUCTURE OF NARRATIVE TEX

• Orientation: It is about the opening paragraph where the characters of the story are introduced.

• Complication: Where the problems in the story developed.

• Resolution : Where the problems in the story is solved.

Sometimes, generic structure of narrative text can contain Orientation, Complication, Evaluation, Resolution, and Reorientation. “Evaluation” and “Reorientation” can be added or not. Evaluation contains assessment or evaluation of the course of the story or conflict. While Reorientation is the end of the story contains content inference.

   

     GRAMMAR

Use the past tenses, well simple past, past perfect, past continuous, past perfect continuous, or past future continuous.

EXAMPLE:

The Legend of Rawa Pening

Once upon a time, there was a little poor boy came into a little village. He was very hungry and weak. He knocked at every door and asked for some food, but nobody cared about him. Nobody wanted to help the little boy.

Finally, a generous woman helped him. She gave him shelter and a meal. When the boy wanted to leave, this old woman gave him a “lesung”, a big wooden mortar for pounding rice. She reminded him, “please remember, if there is a flood you must save yourself. Use this “lesung” as a boat”. The “lesung” was happy and thanked the old woman.The little boy continued his journey. While he was passing through the village, he saw many people gathering on the field. The boy came closer and saw a stick stuck in the ground. People challenged each other to pull out that stick. Everybody tried, but nobody succeeded. “Can I try?” asked the little boy. The crowd laughed mockingly. The boy wanted to try his luck so he stepped forward and pulled out the stick. He could do it very easily. Everybody was dumbfounded.

Suddenly, from the hole left by stick, water spouted out. It did not stop until it flooded the village. And no one was saved from the water except the little boy and the generous old woman who gave him shelter and meal. As she told him, he used the “lesung” as a boat and picked up the old woman. The whole village became a huge lake. It is now known as Rawa Pening Lake in Salatiga, Central Java, Indonesia.

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSES

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

The simple present says that something was true in the past, is true in the present, and will be true in the future. It wxpresses general statements of fact and general truths. The simple present is used to express habitual or everyday activities.

    GENERAL PATTERN

1.    (+) S + V1 (s/es) + C

(-) S + do/does not + V1 + C

(?) do/does + S + V1 + C

2.   (+) S + is/am/are + K.sifat/ket/benda

(-) S + is/am/are not + K.sifat/ket/benda

(?) is/am/are + S + K.sifat/ket/benda 

     TIME REFERENCE

®   Every ®   Always ®   Often ®   Sometimes ®   Rarely

®   ever ®   never ®   occasionally ®   seldom ®   steadily

EXAMPLE:

·        I go to school everyday

·        I usually get up at 5 o’clock every morning

·        Does the sun rise in the east or in the west?

·        get out of my sight!

a). PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSES

Formula: S + is/am/are + Verb ing

Example: - I am talking to Mr. Vian now

               - Dimas is going to Malang next month

b). PRESENT PERFECT TENSES

Formula:

-      S (I/you/we/they) + have + been + past participle

-      S (he/she/it) + has + been + past participle

Example:

-      She has washed the clothes but it’s still dirty

-      Sisca has gone around the world

-      I have been very busy letely